Using Electromagnetic waves shields is the method in Passive Defense that helps to reduce damages caused by modern Electromagnetic threats such as EMP and HMP. The Substances which used in shields structure should have special characteristics like relevant electrical and magnetic conductivity coefficients. This Research is related to Construction of special concrete which has high electrical conductivity for reduction and elimination of high power electromagnetic waves threats as electromagnetic shields in any kinds of critical and infrastructural establishments. In this paper firstly we compared the reflection of X-band wave on the pieces of the pure concrete with its reflection on concrete block 5*5*5 Cm mixed by 5 percent carbon black. In another experiment، the effect of concrete thickness on transmittance and wave attenuation was measured and finally، in another experiment، the effect of carbon black mixed concrete was investigated. The best wave absorption resulted at the 2 Cm thickness and 10% carbon black equal to 19. 35-dB.

Architecture requires creativity and its teaching is a creative issue and accordingly, teaching architecture is complex and it cannot be limited in determined and pre-defined frameworks. Despite the educational scholars’ efforts in recent decades, and by some reflections from the architectural works in this period, it is observed that such teaching styles are accompanied with failures in their ideals. The recent increasing number of students in this major has also doubled the educational problems of architecture teaching centers and schools. So it is inevitable and necessary to maintain the least minimums in the quality of teaching architecture. Thus, the two courses of “ Construction and Construction material workshop” and “ Construction materials” are selected among the various and multiple courses of architecture major, due to their content similarities, to improve the teaching quality. “ Improving the Construction quality” and “ regional and environmental accordance” and finally, “ aesthetics” , “ stability” , and “ living conditions improvement” are among the results of teaching such courses. Therefore it is tried to understand and find better solutions to improve the teaching quality through collecting data from library sources and questionnaire analyses among the professors and students of this major. The necessity of the combination of these two courses in a theoretical and workshop framework presented in the first semester is one of the most important results of the present study. It is hoped that this new course provides the following objects: the students’ theoretical familiarity and then the practical one with different Construction materials, providing the skills to apply them for multiple form Construction and/or manufacturing, attention to the aesthetic features, geometry and solid stability conceptions and understanding the role of Construction materials and forms in architectural works. The other results of this course are: increasing the attention and curiosity of the students, increasing the interest toward the architecture major and interest for learning and group work teaching through creative exercises.

Purpose: The future of the Construction industry is increasingly influenced by new technologies. In order to adopt appropriate strategies in facing new technologies, it is necessary to know the possible futures of the Construction industry. This research was done with the aim of explaining the technological uncertainties and compiling the future scenarios of the Construction industry.  Method: The research method is applied and was carried out with a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. First, the library study was used to determine the technological drivers, then the Structural Analysis was used to explain the technological uncertainties, and finally, the Schwartz method was used to compile the scenarios. The statistical population is experts of Construction industry. Findings: Nine technological uncertainties affecting the future of the Construction industry have been identified and for each of them, three states of decline, stagnation and progress have been considered. Data analysis by Scenario Wizard shows eight probable scenarios. The portfolio of scenarios including four groups of progress scenarios, towards progress, towards stagnation, and towards wane has been compiled. Conclusion: In the progress scenario, the 89% of uncertainties have developed. In  towards progress, 56% of the factors are in the development status, which indicates the development of the technological factor application. In the stagnation scenario, no progress has been made in the application of uncertainties and they are in a static state. In towards wane, uncertainties have been placed in a situation of reduced use.

Brick is the most widely used Construction material. Demolition of buildings and production of Construction waste, including clay brick, are dramatically increasing in an alarming rate. The production of traditional bricks such as clay bricks has hazardous impacts on the environment, such as pollution and extensive use of natural resources. This study addressed the application of the geo-polymerization process as an environmental and sustainable method to produce new bricks from clay brick waste and different types of fillers. Accordingly, the powder and grains of clay brick waste, dune sand, washed sand, industrial sodium hydroxide, and water glass were utilized to prepare cubic and brick-shaped geopolymer samples with different mix designs and then cured at 70 °C. The samples' compressive strength, water absorption and SEM analysis were examined. According to the results, the highest compressive strength for cubic mortar samples was obtained in the case without filler; for these samples, with mass ratios of water glass to sodium hydroxide solution equal to 1 and 2, compressive strength was 18.45 and 22.15 MPa, respectively. In the brick samples, the highest compressive strength was obtained in the 28-day and 8 M geopolymer samples, which was equal to 25.38 MPa. On the other hand, the geopolymer samples made by sand filler had higher compressive strength and lower water absorption in comparison to other samples. Therefore, sustainable production of geopolymer bricks from clay brick waste and inexpensive materials as the filler can be a step toward mitigating the environmental impact of Construction and demolition waste.

Rammed earth walls are known as sustainable and eco-friendly Construction methods, constructed by the local soil in the temporary framework. Generally, the unstabilized soil does not have suitable compression and tension strength for Construction. Ordinary Portland cement and lime are frequently used materials for soil stabilization. Regarding the environmental drawbacks of cement as a frequently used, affordable, and available material, it is essential to use eco-friendly material for soil stabilization. In this study, the mechanical behavior of the soil activated by sodium hydroxide, as an eco-friendly material, has been investigated, and the results compared with cement stabilized soil. Unconfined compressive and Brazilian tests for determining the compressive and tensile strength of the rammed earth were performed on the stabilized specimens. The specimens were prepared at different conditions of curing condition, curing time, and binder content. Results indicated that the slag stabilized specimens resulted in more compressive and tensile strength than cement stabilized soil. The superb improvement performance was observed at hot-dry condition, where is a suitable improvement strategy for the arid climate of Iran as well as water scarcity. The soil stabilizing with slag resulted in outstanding improvement efficiency, however, it increased soil brittleness which is not suitable for seismic behavior and may cause a sudden failure in the soil.

Iraq market is a suitable and valuable market for the Iranian companies considering its high facilities for exporting products. But no local model was offered to evaluate and promote the export performance of the companies. This research is done with the objective to “present local model for promoting the export performance of Iranian companies”. Using exploratory factor analysis, forty five criteria were known and categorized in seven classes, then the conceptual model was presented based on the results. The gathered data was analyzed by one sample T test to understand the current situation. Afterwards, the model was presented by using correlation, ANOVA, LSD, and path analysis tests for promoting the export performance of Iranian companies in Iraq. In the final model, the effect of strategy factor was 0.302, governmental supports factor was 0.059, marketing mix factor was 0.189, companies characteristics was 0.047, the hosts market characteristics factor was 0.023, and finally the organizational resources factor was 0.079. The presented model can forecast the export performance up to 70 percent.